- sonic muscles
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muscles associated with the swimbladder used for sound production. See extrinsic and intrinsic sonic muscles, and drumming muscles, elastic spring mechanism and protractor post-temporalis mechanism
Dictionary of ichthyology. 2009.
Dictionary of ichthyology. 2009.
extrinsic sonic muscles — usually a pair, two pairs or more rarely three pairs of muscles inserted on the gas bladder and a neighbouring structure such as a bone (ribs, parapophyses), perhaps via ligaments. Insertions vary with the species and family. The muscles produce… … Dictionary of ichthyology
intrinsic sonic muscles — striated muscles of the gas bladder wall, used in sound production by contraction, e.g. Porichthys notatus (Batrachoididae). See also extrinsic sonic muscles … Dictionary of ichthyology
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sound production — see sonic muscles and eructation … Dictionary of ichthyology
swimbladder fenestra — a thinner portion of the swimbladder wall anteriorly, lacking the submucosa layer, e.g. in Carapus (Carapidae). Presumably the sonic muscles move this part of the swimbladder and cause sound production … Dictionary of ichthyology
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